The global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract market size in 2023 is XX million US dollars, and it is expected to be XX million US dollars by 2030, with a compound annual growth rate of XX% expected in 2024-2030.

MARKET COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE:
The main players in the Pinus Strobus Bark Extract market include Carrubba, Lucas Meyer Cosmetics, Biospectrum, and . The share of the top 3 players in the Pinus Strobus Bark Extract market is XX%.

REGION SHARE:
The report covers the market size information of North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa, and North America accounted for XX%, Europe accounted for XX% of Pinus Strobus Bark Extract market, and Asia Pacific accounted for XX%.

SEGMENT OVERVIEW:
The report segments the market by Type and Application. 1:10 Extraction accounted for XX% of Pinus Strobus Bark Extract market in 2023. 1:20 Extraction share of XX%.
Skin Care Products accounted for XX% of the Pinus Strobus Bark Extract market in 2023. Hair Care Products accounts for XX%.

The report includes the analysis of impact of COVID-19 lock-down on the revenue of market leaders, followers, and disrupters. Since lock down was implemented differently in different regions and countries, impact of same is also different by regions and segments. The report has covered the current short term and long term impact on the market, same will help decision makers to prepare the outline for short term and long term strategies for companies by region.

The objective of the report is to present a comprehensive assessment of the market and contains thoughtful insights, facts, historical data, industry-validated market data and projections with a suitable set of assumptions and methodology. The report also helps in understanding Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market dynamics, structure by identifying and analyzing the market segments and project the global market size.

In addition, the market SWOT analysis, dynamics, trends, technologies, opportunities and challenges analysis are covered in the report.

Further, the report also focuses on the competitive analysis of key players by product, financial position, product portfolio, growth strategies, and regional presence.
 
Chapter Outline
Chapter 1: Introduces the product overview, market scope, product classification, and application division, and then includes research purposes, report timeline, and economic analysis of global regions.
Chapter 2: Analyzes the Pinus Strobus Bark Extract manufacturing cost, including raw material analysis, manufacturing cost structure, and industrial chain.
Chapters 3-5: Segmented the global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract market by type, application and region. Analyze the revenue, sales and price of market segments from different perspectives.
Chapters 6-11: Provide North America, Europe, China, Asia-Pacific, Latin America and Middle East & Africa Pinus Strobus Bark Extract market type, application, country and players market segmentation data.
Chapter 12: Analyzes the Pinus Strobus Bark Extract industry chain, including marketing channels, distributors and major downstream buyers.
Chapter 13: Introduces the market dynamics, the trends factors and drivers factors of the market, and the challenges and restraints faced by manufacturers in the industry, and includes industry mergers & acquisitions and industry new entrants and expansion plans.
Chapter 14: Analyzes the main companies in the Pinus Strobus Bark Extract industry, including their main businesses, products/services, sales, prices, revenue and gross margin.
Chapter 15: The main points and conclusions of the report.

Highlights-Regions

North America
United States
Canada
China
Asia Pacific (Excluding China)
Japan
Korea
Southeast Asia
India
Australia
Europe
Germany
France
UK
Italy
Russia
Nordic
Latin America
Brazil
Argentina
Mexico
Middle East & Africa
Egypt
South Africa
Israel
Turkey
GCC Countries

Player list
Carrubba
Lucas Meyer Cosmetics
Biospectrum

Types list
1:10 Extraction
1:20 Extraction
1:30 Extraction

Application list
Skin Care Products
Hair Care Products
Cosmetic
Others

Table of Content

1 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Introduction and Overview
1.1 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Definition
1.2 Market Size Analysis by Types
1.3 Market Size Analysis by Application
1.4 Research Purposes
1.5 Report Timeline
1.6 Economic Analysis of Global Regions
2 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Manufacturing Cost Analysis
2.1 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Key Raw Materials Analysis
2.1.1 Key Raw Materials
2.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
2.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
2.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
2.2.1 Raw Materials
2.2.2 Labor Cost
2.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses
2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Pinus Strobus Bark Extract
2.4 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Industrial Chain Analysis
3 Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Historical and Forecast Market Analysis by Type
3.1 Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Market Share by Type
3.2 Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Market Share by Type
3.3 Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Market Forecast by Type (2024-2030)
3.4 Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Forecast by Type (2024-2030)
4 Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Historical and Forecast Market Analysis by Application
4.1 Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
4.2 Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
4.3 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Market Forecast by Application (2024-2030)
4.4 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Forecast by Application (2024-2030)
5 Global Market Growth Trends Analysis
5.1 Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
5.2 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Growth Trends Analysis by Regions
5.2.1 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Size by Regions: 2019 VS 2024 VS 2030
5.2.2 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Historic Market Size by Regions (2019-2024)
5.2.3 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Forecasted Market Size by Regions (2024-2030)
5.2.4 North America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
5.2.5 Europe Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
5.2.6 China Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
5.2.7 Asia-Pacific (Excluding China) Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
5.2.8 Latin America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
5.2.9 Middle East & Africa Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
6 North America
6.1 North America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue by Players
6.2 North America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Types
6.3 North America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Applications
6.4 North America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market by Countries
6.4.1 North America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue by Countries (2019-2030)
6.4.2 North America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Countries (2019-2030)
6.5 United States
6.6 Canada
7 China
7.1 China Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue by Players
7.2 China Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Types
7.3 China Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Applications
7.4 China
8 Asia Pacific (Excluding China)
8.1 Asia Pacific Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue by Players
8.2 Asia Pacific Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Types
8.3 Asia Pacific Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Applications
8.4 Asia Pacific Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market by Countries
8.4.1 Asia Pacific Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue by Countries (2019-2030)
8.4.2 Asia Pacific Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Countries (2019-2030)
8.5 Japan
8.6 Korea
8.7 Southeast Asia
8.8 India
8.9 Australia
9 Europe
9.1 Europe Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue by Players
9.2 Europe Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Types
9.3 Europe Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Applications
9.4 Europe Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market by Countries
9.4.1 Europe Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue by Countries (2019-2030)
9.4.2 Europe Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Countries (2019-2030)
9.5 Germany
9.6 France
9.7 UK
9.8 Italy
9.9 Russia
9.10 Nordic
10 Latin America
10.1 Latin America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue by Players
10.2 Latin America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Types
10.3 Latin America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Applications
10.4 Latin America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market by Countries
10.4.1 Latin America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue by Countries (2019-2030)
10.4.2 Latin America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Countries (2019-2030)
10.5 Brazil
10.6 Argentina
10.7 Mexico
11 Middle East & Africa
11.1 Middle East & Africa Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue by Players
11.2 Middle East & Africa Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Types
11.3 Middle East & Africa Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Applications
11.4 Middle East & Africa Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market by Countries
11.4.1 Middle East & Africa Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue by Countries (2019-2030)
11.4.2 Middle East & Africa Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Countries (2019-2030)
11.5 Egypt
11.6 South Africa
11.7 Israel
11.8 Turkey
11.9 GCC Countries
12 Market Channel, Distributors, Traders and Dealers
12.1 Market Channel Status
12.1.1 Direct Marketing
12.1.2 Indirect Marketing
12.2 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Typical Distributors
12.3 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Typical Customers
13 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Industry Dynamic Analysis
13.1 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Trends Analysis
13.2 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Drivers Analysis
13.3 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Challenges Analysis
13.4 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Restraints Analysis
13.5 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Industry Mergers & Acquisitions
13.6 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Industry New Entrants and Expansion Plans
14 Players Profiles
14.1 Carrubba
14.1.1 Carrubba Company Profile
14.1.2 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Product Overview
14.1.3 Carrubba Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Performance (2019-2024)
14.1.4 Carrubba Business Overview
14.2 Lucas Meyer Cosmetics
14.2.1 Lucas Meyer Cosmetics Company Profile
14.2.2 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Product Overview
14.2.3 Lucas Meyer Cosmetics Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Performance (2019-2024)
14.2.4 Lucas Meyer Cosmetics Business Overview
14.3 Biospectrum
14.3.1 Biospectrum Company Profile
14.3.2 Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Product Overview
14.3.3 Biospectrum Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Performance (2019-2024)
14.3.4 Biospectrum Business Overview
15 Research Findings and Conclusion

List of Tables and Figures

Figure Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Picture
Table Product Definition of Pinus Strobus Bark Extract
Table Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Size by Type (2024 VS 2030)
Table Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Size by Application (2024 VS 2030)
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Table Raw Materials Analysis
Table Labor Cost Analysis
Table Manufacturing Expenses Analysis
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Pinus Strobus Bark Extract
Figure Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Market Size by Type (2019-2024)
Table Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Market Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Market Size by Type (2019-2024)
Table Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Market Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Market Size Forecast by Type (2024-2030)
Table Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Market Share Forecast by Type (2024-2030)
Table Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Size Forecast by Type (2024-2030)
Table Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Share Forecast by Type (2024-2030)
Table Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Market Size by Application (2019-2024)
Table Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
Table Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Size by Application (2019-2024)
Table Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
Table Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Market Size by Application (2024-2030)
Table Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Market Share by Application (2024-2030)
Table Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Size by Application (2024-2030)
Table Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Application (2024-2030)
Figure Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
Figure Global Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
Table Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Size by Regions: 2019 VS 2024 VS 2030
Table Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Historic Revenue Market Size by Regions (2019-2024)
Table Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Historic Revenue Market Share by Regions (2019-2024)
Table Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Historic Sales Market Size by Regions (2019-2024)
Table Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Historic Sales Market Share by Regions (2019-2024)
Table Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Forecasted Revenue Market Size by Regions (2024-2030)
Table Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Forecasted Revenue Market Share by Regions (2024-2030)
Table Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Forecasted Sales Market Size by Regions (2024-2030)
Table Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Forecasted Sales Market Share by Regions (2024-2030)
Figure North America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
Figure Europe Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
Figure China Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
Figure Asia-Pacific (Excluding China) Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
Figure Latin America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
Figure Middle East & Africa Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
Table North America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Share by Players 2023
Table North America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Types (2019-2024)
Table North America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Types (2019-2024)
Table North America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Applications (2019-2024)
Table North America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Applications (2019-2024)
Table North America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue by Countries (2019-2030)
Table North America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Market Share by Countries (2019-2030)
Table North America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Countries (2019-2030)
Table North America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Countries (2019-2030)
Figure United States Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure United States Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Canada Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Canada Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Table China Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Share by Players 2023
Table China Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Types (2019-2024)
Table China Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Types (2019-2024)
Table China Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Applications (2019-2024)
Table China Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Applications (2019-2024)
Figure China Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure China Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Table Asia Pacific Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Share by Players 2023
Table Asia Pacific Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Types (2019-2024)
Table Asia Pacific Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Types (2019-2024)
Table Asia Pacific Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Applications (2019-2024)
Table Asia Pacific Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Applications (2019-2024)
Table Asia-Pacific Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Asia-Pacific Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Market Share by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Asia-Pacific Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Asia-Pacific Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Market Share by Countries (2019-2030)
Figure Japan Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Japan Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Korea Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Korea Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Southeast Asia Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Southeast Asia Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure India Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure India Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Australia Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Australia Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Table Europe Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Share by Players 2023
Table Europe Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Types (2019-2024)
Table Europe Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Types (2019-2024)
Table Europe Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Applications (2019-2024)
Table Europe Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Applications (2019-2024)
Table Europe Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Europe Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Market Share by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Europe Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Europe Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Countries (2019-2030)
Figure Germany Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Germany Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure France Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure France Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure UK Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure UK Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Italy Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Italy Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Russia Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Russia Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Nordic Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Nordic Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Table Latin America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Share by Players 2023
Table Latin America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Types (2019-2024)
Table Latin America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Types (2019-2024)
Table Latin America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Applications (2019-2024)
Table Latin America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Applications (2019-2024)
Table Latin America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Latin America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Market Share by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Latin America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Latin America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Countries (2019-2030)
Figure Brazil Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Brazil Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Argentina Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Argentina Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Mexico Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Mexico Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Table Latin America Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Share by Players 2023
Table Middle East & Africa Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Types (2019-2024)
Table Middle East & Africa Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Types (2019-2024)
Table Middle East & Africa Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Applications (2019-2024)
Table Middle East & Africa Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Applications (2019-2024)
Table Middle East & Africa Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Middle East & Africa Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue Market Share by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Middle East & Africa Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Middle East & Africa Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Countries (2019-2030)
Figure Egypt Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Egypt Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure South Africa Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure South Africa Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Israel Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Israel Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Turkey Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Turkey Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure GCC Countries Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure GCC Countries Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Table Distributors of Pinus Strobus Bark Extract with Contact Information
Table Major Customers of Pinus Strobus Bark Extract with Contact Information
Table Market Trends Analysis
Table Market Drivers Analysis
Table Market Challenges Analysis
Table Market Restraints Analysis
Table Market Mergers & Acquisitions
Table Market New Entrants and Expansion Plans
Table Carrubba Profile
Table Product Overview
Table Carrubba Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales, Price, Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Figure Carrubba Sales and Growth Rate
Figure Carrubba Revenue Market Share 2019-2024
Table Business Overview
Table Lucas Meyer Cosmetics Profile
Table Product Overview
Table Lucas Meyer Cosmetics Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales, Price, Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Figure Lucas Meyer Cosmetics Sales and Growth Rate
Figure Lucas Meyer Cosmetics Revenue Market Share 2019-2024
Table Business Overview
Table Biospectrum Profile
Table Product Overview
Table Biospectrum Pinus Strobus Bark Extract Sales, Price, Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Figure Biospectrum Sales and Growth Rate
Figure Biospectrum Revenue Market Share 2019-2024
Table Business Overview
Table Research Findings and Conclusion